[1] Brandon Taylor, ‘Bobos in Ikea’, Substack, Aug 17 2021

[2] https://www.bookforum.com/interviews/bookforum-talks-with-karl-ove-knausgaard-11771

[3] Christian Lorentzen, ‘Elif Batuman on Writer’s Block, the Shame of Youth, and The Idiot, Her Great Novel About the Magical Early Age of Email’, Vulture, March 10, 2017.

[4] Elif Batuman, The Idiot, (London: Jonathan Cape, 2017), p.12

[5] Timothy Bewes, Free Indirect: The Novel in a Postfictional Age, (New York City, NY: CUP, 2022), p.26

[6] ibid, p.77

[7] ibid, p.76

[8] ibid, pp.102-103

[9] ibid, p.259

[10] W.G. Sebald, The Rings of Saturn, (London: The Harvill Press, 1998), p.3

[11] Bewes, Free Indirect, p.43

[12] ibid, p.45

[13] ibid, p.43

[14] ibid, p.50

[15] ibid, p.25

[16] ibid, p.80

[17] ibid, p.141

[18] ibid, p.141

[19] ibid, p.206

[20] ibid, p.13

[21] ibid, p.38

[22] ibid, p.141

[23] ibid, p.202

[24] ibid, p.202

[25] ibid, p.223

[26] ibid, p.255

[27] Megan Nolan, Ordinary Human Failings, (London: Vintage, 2023) p.134

[28] Valeria Luiselli, Lost Children Archive, (London: Fourth Estate, 2019), p.102

[29] Bewes, Free Indirect, p.141

[30] Dan Sinykin, Big Fiction: How Conglomeration Changed the Publishing Industry and American Literature, (New York City, NY: CUP, 2023), p.3

[31] ibid, p.112

[32] ibid, p.44

[33] ibid, p.103

[34] ibid, pp.96-97

[35] ibid, p.18

[36] ibid, p.216

[37] Anna Kornbluh, Immediacy or, The Style of Too Late Capitalism, (London: Verso, 2023), p.10

[38] ibid,, p.10

[39] ibid, p.72

[40] ibid, p.68

[41] ibid, pp.29-30

[42] ibid, 197

[42] Kornbluh, Immediacy, p.217